由cos2a=1-2sin^2 a可以推出sin^2a/2=(1-cosa)/2
cos2a=2cos^2 a-1推出cos^2 a/2=(1+cos2a)/2
tan^2 a/2=(sin^2 a/2)/(cos^2 a/2)=(1-cosa)/(1+cosa)
[sin(a/2)]^2=(1-cosa)/2
[cos(a/2)]^2=(1+cosa)/2
[tan(a/2)]^2={[sin(a/2)]^2}/{[cos(a/2)]^2}
=(1-cosa)/(1+cosa)